Alcohol-related emergency department attendances: is preloading a risk factor? Cross-sectional survey

INTRODUCTION 'Preloading' is a phenomenon where people drink alcohol at a private residence before going out. We aimed to identify whether preloading is a risk factor for alcohol-related emergency department attendance. We also wanted to identify where people became injured or unwell. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional, anonymous, survey at peak drinking times in our emergency department. We interviewed adult patients who presented to our emergency department with an alcohol-related presentation over an 8-week period. RESULTS We approached 1,079 patients. One hundred sixty-one had suffered an alcohol-related problem while out drinking; 27% of women and 14% of men had their first drink at home. There was no particular presentation or age group that was associated with preloading. Seventy percent of patients stated that they had drunk most of their alcohol at a public place; 76% of patients suffered their alcohol-related problem at a site different from where they had drunk most of their alcohol or where they had had their first drink. CONCLUSION Preloading is more common in women than men. Preloading is common in alcohol-related emergency department attendances. The proportions of patients preloading in this study are lower than in other studies conducted in different environments. Preloading is not a risk factor for alcohol-related emergency department attendance. Polices to reduce alcohol-related harm should continue to focus on bars, nightclubs and pubs.